The state of the ocean climate
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Introduction | Overview | Atmosphere | Surface ocean | Subsurface ocean | Sea Ice | Air-Sea Flux
AO | NAO | PNA | PDO | SAM | SOI | AMO | El Niño OLR | La Niña OLR
shorter series | longer series

Pacific-North American Pattern (PNA)

The PNA index indicates the predominance of a characteristic pattern of atmospheric circulation and teleconnection over the North Pacific and North America. view pattern »

In the shorter series case, monthly averages are shown by the plus signs and 3-month running mean filtered index values are shown by the shaded regions. In the longer series case, 3-month averages are shown by the plus signs and 12-month running mean filtered index values are shown by the shaded regions. The monthly standard deviation of the index over the period 1948-2005 is indicated on each plot. get series (netcdf 12kB) »

Data source and calculation

The index is calculated by NOAA/CPC (last update 15-OCT-2024). view details of calculation »

 

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